Primary Source Analysis: Letter from St. Jerome to Principia.

1. AUTHOR - What do you know, or what can you infer about the author? I can infer that he in is in great pain about the fall of Rome and he is disgusted at how the people and dead bodies were treated.
2. PLACE AND TIME - Where and when was the source produced, and how does this affect its meaning? The letter was dated in 402 AD and was written by a person directly involved with the fall and someone who was there. so it may be somewhat biased coming from a Roman
3. PRIOR KNOWLEDGE - What else do you know that would help you understand the source? We know that one of the reasons for the fall of Rome was That Barbarians eventually ransacked them. It may help if we new a little more about the Barbarians.
4. AUDIENCE - For whom was the source created and how might this affect its reliability? This letter was written as a personal letter between two, I would assume, friends. this could mean it wasn't meant for public. therefore some of the facts may not add up.
5. REASON – For what purpose what this source created? This was created to give a friend a play by play of what had happened as Rome was falling and to reiterate the horrors of what had happened
6. THE MAIN IDEA – What’s the main idea? The main idea is the fall of Rome and to put into picture the terror of what had happened
7. SIGNIFICANCE - Why is this source important? What conclusions can be drawn from the source, or what questions remain unanswered? I dont understand how he made it out alive. he is important because it gives us more facts about how rome fell.

Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius April 26, 121 AD-March 17, 180 AD
Natural causes

He ruled for 19 years

He was a genius he studied philosophy and was a very serious person.

One creepy part of his life was his addiction to opium.

His death is unkown for certain but it may be do to his opium addiction or his constant sickness.

Spartacus

1. WHO was Spartacus? A Thracian Gladiator who led many revolts and slaves to battle
2. WHAT did he do?  Defeated the Roman government in a giant revolt. 
3. WHY did he do it?  For freedom 
4. WHEN did it happen?   71 BC
5. WHERE did it happen?  In Rome along the Italian peninsula
6. HOW did it end?   He was killed in battle. with his army.
7. WAS HE A HERO OR A VILLAIN? He was a hero to thousands of slaves, but to the roman government he was a villain trying to disrupt the peace

Roman Culture

Roman Religion-
 Was a modified version of the greek gods. were myriad ( accepted other things  to other conquered religions. The top three gods were known as the Archaic Triad. they were Jupiter, Mars, Neptune

The Roman Gladiators- The games were held in honor of the dead manes and spirits. was fought between everything you can imagine man v animal, man v man, woman v woman, everything. were often times slaves.

Roman Timeline

753 BC- Founding of Rome- Romulus becomes king

535 BC- Tarquinius Superbus- Married to Tulia who killed her father to get to the throne. 

509 BC- Banishment of Superbus- His son raped Lucretia and got him and his entire family kicked of              the throne

396 BC- Rome Defeats the Etruscans- they tunneled underneath the city and killed everyone in site

264-146 BC The punic wars- Was a war fought between Rome and Carthage. was probably the biggest wars ever to happen.

73-71 BC- Spartacus' slave revolt- he led thousands of slaves and in the end was defeated and 11,000 of his slaves were crucified

100-44 BC Julius Caesar- changed history forever, made the first 365 day calendar. he also created the emperor of rome and tutored him and taught him.

Augustus 27 BC-14 AD

First Roman emperor. Led Rome from a republic to an empire  

Caligula   37- 41AD

Nero        54-68 AD

In his reign he became crazy and executed many people. The empire revolted against him.

Domitian 81-96 AD

Trajan      98- 117 AD

Hadrian   117-138 AD

Marcus Aurelius 161- 180 AD

Commodus 180- 192 AD 

Rome

Rome was founded in modern day Italy in 750 BC. It was founded when romulous killed remus and started his colony. Another major part of how rome was founded was when king surperbus was banished because his son raped a well known lady and then she killed herself. this caused a riot and after that rome never had another king or queen

Geograhpy of Rome

Why would Rome have been a good place to start a city?

Rome was a good place to start a city because they had hills which was a good defensive point and they had the tiber river which made it easy for them to regulate trade and control what went on

Why would the Italian Peninsula have been a good place to start an empire?

The Italian Peninsula would have been a great place to start an empire because they could defend there home turf with ease being on the hills. So they were good at home, also if they wanted to go out and conquer they could bring many troops with them because they only need to leave a few at Rome because of the high ground advantage.

Rome Pretest

Topic 3: Rome

Learning Targets / Rubrics

3.1 - Differentiate Roman Republic from Roman Empire

• 4- Student is able to compare/contrast the rise, fall, leadership and defining characteristics of Rome's Republic and Empire
• 3- Student is able to describe the rise, fall, leadership and defining characteristics of Rome's Republic and/or Empire
• 2- Student is able to describe some of the rise, fall, leadership and defining characteristics of Rome's Republic and Empire
• 1- Student is able to identify some events, people, and characteristics of Rome's Republic or Empire

3.2 - Explain past and present impacts of Roman culture

• 4- Student is able to explain Roman culture and 2 or more impacts
• 3- Student is able to explain Roman culture and 1 impact
• 2- Student is able to describe Roman culture
• 1- Student is able to identify Roman culture

3.3 - Analyze factors in collapse of Western Roman Empire

• 4- Student is able to argue for a primary factor in collapse, compared to other contributing factors
• 3- Student is able to describe how multiple factors caused collapse
• 2- Student is able to identify multiple factors in collapse
• 1- Student is able to identify a factor in collapse

MY PERSONAL GOAL IS TO: learn to gods that they worshipped.

Essential Questions

1. 1.When, where and how was Rome founded?      Rome was founded in europe in what is modern day Italia.  
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3. 2.How was the government of the Roman Republic organized?    Rome's government was organized in a representative democracy and were known by the letters S.P.Q.R
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5. 3.When and how did the Republic turn into an Empire?     Rome turned into an empire by killing there enemies and became the best
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7. 4.How was the government of the Empire organized?     The government was organized in a democracy
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9. 5.When, where, why, and how did the Romans expand?     The Romans killed and conquered to gain there new land
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11. 6.What are Rome's greatest architectural and technological developments? Romans had many cultural benefits that help us today.     
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13. 7.What was important in Roman culture?     The Romans were very big on there Gods they worshipped different versions of the greek gods.there's were more ferocious and warlike.
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15. 8.Who were important Roman leaders?     Julius Caesar he was one of the most important people in the Roman culture before he was assassinated. 
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17. 9.What caused the collapse of the Roman Empire?
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19. 10.How did Rome alter history?    Roman culture altered history forever. their architecture is still used to this very day.
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21. 11.How does Rome affect us today?    They affect us in there architecture and there ideas and for some people, their beliefs.
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23. 12.What lessons can be learned from Roman history?

Greco-Persian War

The beginning of the Greco-Persian was the revolt of the ionians against the mighty Persian Empire. The first major battle of the Greco-Persian War was the battle of Marathon. the greeks held there own and defeated the persians. After the battle a Greek messenger ran all the way from Marathon to Athens (26.2 Miles) hence the race today called the marathon. The next battle at Thermopylae the greeks, who were led by Spartans were defeated by the persians ass persia marched on with a vengeance. The Persian Army then marched on to Plantae were they were defeated by the greeks ending the war. But the Persians were not done yet. They attacked again at Salamis where they were defeated once again by the greek navy. This angered them greatly they attacked again and ransacked and burned the beautiful city of Athens. The spartans sent there troops to go and help and in doing so protected there city-state of Sparta.

   

Sparta

Olympics

Labyrinth